The Rentenmark (RM) was a currency issued on 15 October 1923 to stop the hyperinflation of 1922 and 1923 in Weimar Germany. Many of the Greek notes featured figures and images from Greek Mythology and history. However, the canteens were poorly stocked, which rendered the notes essentially worthless. After Stresemann reshuffled his cabinet in early October, Hans Luther became Minister of Finance. Face value: 1 RM - German rentenmark Score: 98% Accuracy: Very Low Description: Privately printed, SN 6 digits, company logo: WB Buy Now: 2 Rentenmark. The currency was discontinued after the Roman conquest of Greece, and reissued after Greece gained independence from the Ottoman Empire. Timeline: Germany in the 1920s June 1920: first Reichstag Elections Hoped for positive changes for Germany Lots of old institutions/ authorities who were very pro-monarchy and caused trouble Specifically judges with older views had a lot of impact Although, they are fine with Elbert being the heir to Chancellor Max Jan 1921: Reparations Bill Allies decided that Germany needs to pay 6,6 billion . The occupation authorities reacted to strikes and sabotage with arrests and deportations. The excess Drachmai caused hyperinflation, and the price for goods and services rose dramatically. This was mortgaged (Rente is a technical term for mortgage in German) to the tune of 3.2 billion Goldmarks, based on the 1913 wealth charge called Wehrbeitrag which had helped fund the German war effort from 1914 to 1918. In the womens camp, by 1944, the majority of the prisoners were French, followed by Polish people and Russians. Polish partisans liberated the Holleischen subcamp on May 3, 1945. Then Germany occupied all of Greece, and forced the Greek government to pay for the occupation by printing more paper money with higher denominations. 34216 10 Rentenmark 1923, Ro.157 in sehr schner Gebrauchserhaltung mit senkrechtem Knick, angestoener In Banknotes Bidding has ended Auction Date: Feb 10, 2016 9am CET Hammer Price: Auctioneer has chosen not to publish the price of this lot Lot Location: Bietigheim-Bissingen Auctioneer: Auktionshaus Christoph Grtner +49 (0)7142 789400 German efforts to finance World War I sent the nation into debt. German efforts to finance World War I sent the nation into debt. Then Germany occupied all of Greece, and forced the Greek government to pay for the occupation by printing more paper money with higher denominations. In 1924 the national bank (Reichsbank) was allowed to control the new currency and supervised its use in the German economy. Scrip, valued at 100 kronen, distributed in Theresienstadt (Terezin) ghetto-labor camp. [2][3] Working with Hjalmar Schacht at the Reichsbank, Luther quickly came up with a stabilization plan for the currency which combined elements of a monetary reform by economist Karl Helfferich with ideas of Luther's predecessor in office Rudolf Hilferding. The Greek currency, called Drachma, can be traced back to the 6th century BC. While at the camp, inmates were compelled to work, and a special currency was issued to incentivize work output, but the money had no real monetary value outside the camp. The excess Drachmai caused hyperinflation, and the price for goods and services rose dramatically. Polish partisans liberated the Holleischen subcamp on May 3, 1945. In 1946 an ORT (Obchestvo Remeslenogo Truda, Association for the Promotion of Skilled Trades) vocational school was established in the camp. The new Minister of Finance, Hans Luther, created the Rentenmark, which was backed by mortgages on all real property in Germany, rather than gold. He was ordered to make Moses appear more stereotypically Semitic in appearance and to arrange Mosess hand so that it is covering one of the commandments. The scrip has a repeating MWH across the note, representing the Metallwerke Holleischen GmbH logo, and was printed in 17 denominations ranging in value from 1 Reichspfennig (rpf) to 5 Reichsmark (rm). The Holleischen subcamp was established in Czechoslovakia, near the German-Czech border, in 1941. The German hyperinflation (1919-November 1923) was ended by producing a currency based on assets loaned against by banks, called the Rentenmark. The Rentenmark was meant to be temporary and it was officially replaced as the national currency by the Reichsmark in 1924, but both notes remained legal tender. Both types of notes were issued in .50, 1, 2, and 3 mark denominations. The process of stabilization was painful but was pushed through with determination by Hjalmar Schacht, who was made Read More A prisoners treatment inside the camps varied depending on their nationality. Buchenwald operated 134 subcamps, and issued two different types of special currency. Initially, the camps were constructed for Czech forced laborers, but in June 1941, the first French and Russian prisoners of war (POWs) arrived in the mens camp. After Germany invaded the Netherlands on May 10, 1940, the German authorities began using Westerbork as a transit camp, holding internees until they were deported to forced labor camps or killing centers in other countries. The scrip was part of an elaborate illusion to make the camp seem normal and appear as though workers were being paid for their labor, but the money had no real monetary value. The government printed higher and higher denominations, but was unable to keep up with the plunging rates. The government printed higher and higher denominations, but was unable to keep up with the plunging rates. German-issued Greek National currency valued at 500 million Drachmai. Despite this, the Nazi Party continued to use peoples residual economic fears as a propaganda tool to gain power, eventually leading to Adolf Hitler becoming Chancellor in 1933. The front medallion depicts German artwork, Portrait of the Merchant Georg Gisze, created in 1532, by Hans Holbein der Jngere. The essentially worthless paper bills gave way to bartering of supplies such as olive oil, cigarettes, and wheat. Germans began using the worthless bills as kindling, wallpaper, and childrens crafts. The government printed higher and higher denominations, but was unable to keep up with the plunging rates. in Euro. Featured on this note is an ancient coin with a profile image of Alexander the Great, king of Macedonia and a Greek hero. Valuables and currency were forcibly exchanged for the scrip and it was used as modest payment for forced laborers, though it held no value outside the ghetto. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for GERMANY STABILIZATION BANK 50 RENTENMARK P-165 PMG 25 - extremely rare- at the best online prices at eBay! All of the production was carried out in secret, and the printing effort for each country was given its own code name. German efforts to finance World War I sent the nation into debt. This indiscriminate printing led to inflation issues in occupied Germany. biogen senior engineer ii salary. Scrip, valued at 1 Reichsmark, distributed in Rottleberode, a subcamp of Buchenwald concentration camp in Germany. The d ghetto was the only German ghetto or concentration camp that minted coinage. Research family history relating to the Holocaust and explore the Museum's collections about individual survivors and victims of the Holocaust and Nazi persecution. The newly created Rentenmark replaced the old Papiermark. The subcamp was evacuated in April 1945, as Allied forces approached. In the womens camp, by 1944, the majority of the prisoners were French, followed by Polish people and Russians. On April 6, 1941, Germany invaded Greece to support Italy and forced the Grecians to surrender by the end of the month. The Holleischen subcamp was established in Czechoslovakia, near the German-Czech border, in 1941. rentenmark: [noun] a temporary German monetary unit used for banknotes issued in 1923 to stabilize currency, made equivalent to one billion inflated imperial marks, and superseded by the reichsmark. Although the camps were called Campi Di Concetramento (Concentration Camps) the conditions and treatment of their internees were equivalent to prisoner of war (POW) camps for military and civilians. [R.-B.-BLI 5.963] Berlin, the 30th of January 1937 The United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) team 596 issued three denominations of scrip: 10 cents, 50 cents, and 1 dollar. Visit Stack Exchange Tour Start here for quick overview the site Help Center Detailed answers. The German government attempted to solve this problem by printing more money, which led to severe inflation. Rottleberode opened as a subcamp of Buchenwald in March 1944, when prisoners were sent to excavate caves in the area. The back design again features the chimney, in addition to a large, toothed spur gear. German prisoner of war (POW) currency, called kriegsgfangenen lagergeld (war cash), valued at 1 Reichspfennig, distributed to prisoners held in German POW camps from 1939 to 1944. 2.3k. The canteen scrip, which did not have Auenkommando printed on it, was used in the main camp. In response, prisoners in Polish camps created their own currency for internal use. It was issued February 1924 and has a high value for collectors because this banknote is a rarity (value approx. While held at the camp, inmates were compelled to work in the factory. Watermark: Small pattern (pattern and rings) CN: 8 digits, red. During the occupation, the price of corn was 9 million Drachmai per pound. Before the Rentenmark was introduced, the former national currency, the Papiermark, was valued at 4.2 billion marks to one U.S. dollar, and was backed by gold, which the treasury did not have. info); RM) was a currency issued on 15 November 1923 to stop the hyperinflation of 1922 and 1923 in Weimar Germany, after the previously used "paper" Mark had become almost worthless. Scrip, valued at 50 Reichspfennig, distributed at the Metallwerke Holleischen GmbH munitions factory in Holleischen, a subcamp of Flossenbrg concentration camp in Germany. There were hardly any Jews in the camp until March 1945, when a group of Hungarian Jewish women were transported from Nrnberg, a Flossenbrg subcamp, following its evacuation. The excess Drachmai caused hyperinflation, and the price for goods and services rose dramatically. Cremona concentration camp was an internment and labor camp that held both POWs and Jewish prisoners. Cremona concentration camp was an internment and labor camp that held both POWs and Jewish prisoners. The emerging National Socialist German Workers (Nazi) Party frequently used the bills to their advantage, writing anti-Semitic messages on them, which blamed Jews for Germanys financial problems. German efforts to finance World War I sent the nation into debt. The scrip has a repeating MWH across the note, representing the Metallwerke Holleischen GmbH logo, and was printed in 17 denominations ranging in value from 1 Reichspfennig (rpf) to 5 Reichsmark (rm). Due to the invasion and the harsh economic policies, hundreds of thousands of Greeks died from lack of food during the German occupation. The currency was issued in seven denominations: 1, 10, and 50 Reichspfennig and 1, 2, 5, and 10 Reichsmark. The essentially worthless paper bills gave way to bartering of supplies such as olive oil, cigarettes, and wheat. The front design features a large chimney from the camp laundry and a street known as the Boulevard of Misery. Featured on this note is Arethusa, a nymph who was loved by the water god Alpheus and changed into a spring by the goddess Artemis. The scrip has a repeating MWH across the note, representing the Metallwerke Holleischen GmbH logo, and was printed in 17 denominations ranging in value from 1 Reichspfennig (rpf) to 5 Reichsmark (rm). The Act prohibited the recently privatised Reichsbank from continuing to discounting bills and the inflation of the Papiermark immediately stopped. The Rentenmark was introduced at a rate of one Rentenmark to equal one trillion (1012) old marks, with an exchange rate of one United States dollar to equal 4.2 Rentenmarks.[3]. Featured on this note is Apollo, the god of music, poetry, and art among many other things. The Jewish Council was ordered to create a system of Quittungen (receipts) that could be used as currency only in the ghetto. Many of the Greek notes featured figures and images from Greek Mythology and history. The inflation grew to critical levels between 1922 and1923, when the exchange rate of the mark to the United States dollar went from 2,000 marks per dollar to well over a million in a matter of months. There were hardly any Jews in the camp until March 1945, when a group of Hungarian Jewish women were transported from Nrnberg, a Flossenbrg subcamp, following its evacuation. During the occupation, the price of corn was 9 million Drachmai per pound. The camp housed between 1,000 and 1,200 refugees, and was one of the largest centers for DPs in Italy. The Greek currency, called Drachma, can be traced back to the 6th century BC. I S. 963) Die Deutche Rentenbank ist verplichtet, die von ihr ausgegebenen Rentenbankscheine jederzeit auf Verlangen gegen ihre auf Goldmarklautenden mit 5 v. H. verzinslichen Rentenbriefe einzulsen. The currency was discontinued after the Roman conquest of Greece, and reissued after Greece gained independence from the Ottoman Empire. The inflation grew to critical levels between 1922 and1923, when the exchange rate of the mark to the United States dollar went from 2,000 marks per dollar to well over a million in a matter of months. On April 6, 1941, Germany invaded Greece to support Italy and forced the Greeks to surrender by the end of the month. Eine Rentenmark Ausgegeben auf Grund der Vorordnung vom 15. Germany, Italy, and Bulgaria collectively occupied Greece until Italys surrender to the Allies in September 1943. During the occupation, the price of corn was 9 million Drachmai per pound. In order to stabilize the economy, the German government established the Rentenbank. 100 % Authentic BANKNOTE,German WW2 175627776977 He was ordered to make Moses appear more stereotypically Semitic in appearance and to arrange Mosess hand so that it is covering one of the commandments. German efforts to finance World War I sent the nation into debt. The scrip, sometimes referred to as rumki or chaimki, after the Elder of the Judenrat, Chaim Mordechai Rumkowski and was issued in denominations of: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 mark notes; 5, 10, and 20 mark coins; and 50 pfennig notes and 10 pfennig coins. what does hong kong flight departure mean shein. He was ordered to make Moses appear more stereotypically Semitic in appearance and to arrange Mosess hand so that it is covering one of the commandments. The Greek currency, called Drachma, can be traced back to the 6th century BC. In the womens camp, by 1944, the majority of the prisoners were French, followed by Polish people and Russians. 0; Due to the Nazi belief that Soviet prisoners were racially and politically inferior, they were starved and treated brutally, resulting in millions of deaths. Cependant, il a t accept par la population et effectivement russi arrter le 'inflation. A prisoners treatment inside the camps varied depending on their nationality. In 1946 an ORT (Obchestvo Remeslenogo Truda, Association for the Promotion of Skilled Trades) vocational school was established in the camp. The Greek currency, called Drachma, can be traced back to the 6th century BC. Germany, Italy, and Bulgaria collectively occupied Greece until Italys surrender to the Allies in September 1943. The Greek currency, called Drachma, can be traced back to the 6th century BC. On April 6, 1941, Germany invaded Greece to support Italy and forced the Greeks to surrender by the end of the month. However, for Western Allied prisoners, life inside the camps was tough but generally fair, as Germany, with some exceptions, usually followed the Geneva Convention Rules for ethical treatment of POWs. There were hardly any Jews in the camp until March 1945, when a group of Hungarian Jewish women were transported from Nrnberg, a Flossenbrg subcamp, following its evacuation. Prisoners, including Jews, were treated much better than their counterparts in the German camps. Prisoners received meager rations supplemented with Red Cross food parcels and, with the exception of officers, were required to work, often performing hard labor. Then Germany occupied all of Greece, and forced the Greek government to pay for the occupation by printing more paper money with higher denominations. Polish partisans liberated the Holleischen subcamp on May 3, 1945. The prisoners were sent on forced marches to Niedersachswerfen subcamp and Sachsenhausen concentration camp in Germany. Paper Money: World - Europe - Germany - Price and Value Guide Shop Now! Germans began using the worthless bills as kindling, wallpaper, and childrens crafts. Scrip, valued at 5 Lire, distributed in Cremona concentration camp in Cremona, Italy. Many prisoners used the notes for gambling among themselves to combat boredom. The scrip was part of an elaborate illusion to make the camp seem normal and appear as though workers were being paid for their labor, but the money had no real monetary value. The Holleischen subcamp was established in Czechoslovakia, near the German-Czech border, in 1941. Many prisoners used the notes for gambling among themselves to combat boredom. Polish partisans liberated the Holleischen subcamp on May 3, 1945. During the occupation, the price of corn was 9 million Drachmai per pound. The coins were designed by Pinkus Szwarc and minted in the ghetto by inmates. In the womens camp, by 1944, the majority of the prisoners were French, followed by Polish people and Russians. Following their defeat, the Treaty of Versailles obligated Germany to pay reparations to several countries, which increased the nations financial struggles. GERMANY 9 PCS set 1000 (stamp 1 000 000 000) mark 1922 aUNC Banknote - $2.13. The scrip was used in the canteen until July, but was abandoned due to food shortages. The mark was a currency or unit of account in many states. Westerbork was under the authority of a German commandant, Albert Gemmeker, but run and supplied by the Jewish Community. During the occupation, the price of corn was 9 million Drachmai per pound. On June 20, 1948, the American, British, and French occupation zones of Germany converted to a new currency, and the Soviets followed suit a few days later. Due to the Nazi belief that Soviet prisoners were racially and politically inferior, they were starved and treated brutally, resulting in millions of deaths. In order to stabilize the economy, the German government established the Rentenbank. Something went wrong. The excess Drachmai caused hyperinflation, and the price for goods and services rose dramatically. Oktober 1923 (R.-G.-Bl. The Greek currency, called Drachma, can be traced back to the 6th century BC. German efforts to finance World War I sent the nation into debt. Many of the Greek notes featured figures and images from Greek Mythology. However, for Western Allied prisoners, life inside the camps was tough but generally fair, as Germany, with some exceptions, usually followed the Geneva Convention Rules for ethical treatment of POWs. Scrip, valued at 40 Reichspfennig, distributed at the Metallwerke Holleischen GmbH munitions factory in Holleischen, a subcamp of Flossenbrg concentration camp in Germany. The Greek currency, called Drachma, can be traced back to the 6th century BC. On April 6, 1941, Germany invaded Greece to support Italy and forced the Greeks to surrender by the end of the month. This indiscriminate printing led to inflation issues in occupied Germany. On April 6, 1941, Germany invaded Greece to support Italy and forced the Grecians to surrender by the end of the month. The emerging National Socialist German Workers (Nazi) Party frequently used the bills to their advantage, writing anti-Semitic messages on them, which blamed Jews for Germanys financial problems. The scrip was issued in the German-controlled ghetto from June of 1940 to its liquidation in the fall of 1944. The Rentenmark was meant to be temporary and it was officially replaced as the national currency by the Reichsmark in 1924, but both notes remained legal tender. Then Germany occupied all of Greece, and forced the Greek government to pay for the occupation by printing more paper money with higher denominations. The Jewish Council was ordered to create a system of Quittungen (receipts) that could be used as currency only in the ghetto. The German government attempted to solve this problem by printing more money, which led to severe inflation. Yes, I combine shipping. After the war, a Displaced Persons (DP) Camp was established by the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) in Cremona from 1945-1947. Reichsbank note, valued at 1 million marks, distributed in Germany from August to November 1923. Product no. In response to increased Allied bombing, prisoners were forced to dig huge tunnels in the mountains, safe from aerial destruction. The camp was located on the grounds of the 17th century, Schwarzenberg castle, and included a hospital, dental clinic, sanitation office, drug store, canteen, bakery, clothing store, two restaurants, and laundry and shoe repair services. On October 28, 1940, Italy invaded Greece, but they were repelled by the Greek forces. FOR SALE! Due to the invasion and the harsh economic policies, hundreds of thousands of Greeks died from lack of food during the German occupation. Yes, I combine shipping. Expert numismatists disagree on the authenticity of the Star of David stamp version, with one side believing the Star of David stamped scrip was issued to Jewish prisoners in the camp, while the other believes the notes are not genuine. While held at the camp, inmates were compelled to work in the factory. The front design features a large chimney from the camp laundry and a street known as the Boulevard of Misery. Both types of notes were issued in .50, 1, 2, and 3 mark denominations. The excess Drachmai caused hyperinflation, and the price for goods and services rose dramatically. Despite this, the Nazi Party continued to use people's residual economic fears as a propaganda tool to gain power, eventually leading to Adolf Hitler becoming Chancellor in 1933. Due to the invasion and the harsh economic policies, hundreds of thousands of Greeks died from lack of food during the German occupation. The currency was discontinued after the Roman conquest of Greece, and reissued after Greece gained independence from the Ottoman Empire. The government printed higher and higher denominations, but were unable to keep up with the plunging rates. The d ghetto was the only German ghetto or concentration camp that minted coinage. Nine denominations were issued: 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 1, 2, 5, and 10 marks. Rentenmark - Collecting Coins Now that the State has lifted the restrictions we look forward to seeing you at the viewing and the Dixson Room for the auction. The scrip has a repeating MWH across the note, representing the Metallwerke Holleischen GmbH logo, and was printed in 17 denominations ranging in value from 1 Reichspfennig (rpf) to 5 Reichsmark (rm). Under German pressure, Italian fascists passed antisemitic legislation in 1938, and later established domestic concentration camps for military and civilian internees. The currency was discontinued after the Roman conquest of Greece, and reissued after Greece gained independence from the Ottoman Empire. The German government attempted to solve this problem by printing more money, which led to severe inflation. The subcamp was evacuated in April 1945, as Allied forces approached. 2,500 $) Scrip, valued at 1 Lire, distributed in Cremona concentration camp in Cremona, Italy. The government printed higher and higher denominations, but was unable to keep up with the plunging rates. The emerging National Socialist German Workers (Nazi) Party frequently used the bills to their advantage, writing anti-Semitic messages on them, which blamed Jews for Germanys financial problems. Explain why Germany suffered from hyperinflation in 1923. Featured on this note is a partial image of the South frieze of the Parthenon in Athens. German-issued Greek National currency valued at 50 Drachmai. WikiMatrix The last Rentenmark notes were valid until 1948. Free shipping for many products! During the occupation, the price of corn was 9 million Drachmai per pound. TTY: 202.488.0406. Due to the invasion and the harsh economic policies, hundreds of thousands Grecians died from lack of food during the German occupation. However, the Italian authorities resisted participating in the mass murder and did not permit deportations of Jews from Italy. Germany, Italy, and Bulgaria collectively occupied Greece until Italys surrender to the Allies in September 1943. Due to the invasion and the harsh economic policies, hundreds of thousands of Greeks died from lack of food during the German occupation. The economy all but collapsed in the era of the Papiermark, with one US dollar equalling 4,200 billion German Papiermarks in 1923! Germans began using the worthless bills as kindling, wallpaper, and childrens crafts. The notes are dated 1 January 1943, but were not distributed until May 1943. There were hardly any Jews in the camp until March 1945, when a group of Hungarian Jewish women were transported from Nrnberg, a Flossenbrg subcamp, following its evacuation. A prisoners treatment inside the camps varied depending on their nationality. While held at the camp, inmates were compelled to work in the factory. The excess Drachmai caused hyperinflation, and the price for goods and services rose dramatically. Then Germany occupied all of Greece, and forced the Greek government to pay for the occupation by printing more paper money with higher denominations. Those displaced and left without income by the Ruhrkampf and their families fell back on public income support. The essentially worthless paper bills gave way to bartering of supplies such as olive oil, cigarettes, and wheat. Voucher, valued at 10 cents, distributed in Westerbork transit camp. The inflation grew to critical levels between 1922 and1923, when the exchange rate of the mark to the United States dollar went from 2,000 marks per dollar to well over a million in a matter of months. While held at the camp, inmates were compelled to work in the factory. The Holocaust Encyclopedia provides an overview of the Holocaust using text, photographs, maps, artifacts, and personal histories. Once completed, assembly line production of V-2 rockets began in late December of 1943. info) ; RM) was a currency issued on 15 November 1923 to . Reichsbank note, valued at 10,000 marks, distributed in Germany from January 1922 to November 1923. In 1937, the German government utilized the Rentenbank to issue 1 and 2 Rentenmark notes because the Reichsbank did not issue denominations lower than 5 Reichsmarks. Therefore the Rentenbank in November 1923 issued the Rentenmark, a currency backed by mortgaged land and industrial goods worth 3.2 billion Rentenmark. German efforts to finance World War I sent the nation into debt. The notes only held value in the POW camps and their official use was for the purchase of goods from the canteens. A special currency was issued to incentivize work output, although the money had no real monetary value. The coins were designed by Pinkus Szwarc and minted in the ghetto by inmates. Then it accelerated rapidly. However, the canteens were poorly stocked, which rendered the notes essentially worthless. American troops arrived two days later. 1 Rentenmark . The Holleischen subcamp was established in Czechoslovakia, near the German-Czech border, in 1941. The essentially worthless paper bills gave way to bartering of supplies such as olive oil, cigarettes, and wheat. Second issue Allied Military currency (AMC), valued at 100 francs, distributed for use in France by the Allied Military Government for Occupied Territories (AMGOT), from June 1945 to July 1946. Featured on this note are the king and queen of the Olympian gods, Zeus and Hera; the Cretan Bull, which was captured by Heracles; and Deidamia of Scyros who was Achilles wife, and mother of his son, Neoptolemus. Scrip, valued at 10 Reichspfennig, distributed at the Metallwerke Holleischen GmbH munitions factory in Holleischen, a subcamp of Flossenbrg concentration camp in Germany. The Greek currency, called Drachma, can be traced back to the 6th century BC. Many of the Greek notes featured figures and images from Greek Mythology and history. Germans began using the worthless bills as kindling, wallpaper, and childrens crafts. The majority of them did not survive. The scrip was printed in seven denominations: 0.50, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 Lire. The Rentenmark was valued at 4.2 marks to one U.S. dollar, and its introduction on November 16, 1923, successfully ended the inflation crisis. There are two versions of the scrip known today: notes printed on cardstock with a Star of David stamp, and notes printed on paper without a stamp. Rentenbank note, valued at 1 Rentenmark, distributed for use in Germany from January 1937 to 1948. Buchenwald operated 134 subcamps, and issued two different types of special currency. Reichsbank note, valued at 5 million marks, distributed in Germany from August to November 1923. On October 15 1923 the Rentenmark Ordinance was published, which created the Rentenbank. There were hardly any Jews in the camp until March 1945, when a group of Hungarian Jewish women were transported from Nrnberg, a Flossenbrg subcamp, following its evacuation. fordham university counseling psychology; fine rentenmark 1923 value LASER-wikipedia2 ZU VERKAUFEN! After the war, a Displaced Persons (DP) Camp was established by the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) in Cremona from 1945-1947. The back design again features the chimney, in addition to a large, toothed spur gear. This included the evacuation of prisoners from the camp and the destruction of documentation relating to the production of the scrip.